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Dentistry

What is root canal treatment? How it is done and does it hurt?

October 5, 2026 · 4 min read

What is root canal treatment? How it is done and does it hurt?

Root canal treatment cleans out the infected or damaged nerve and vascular tissue (pulp) inside a tooth and fills the canals. The aim is to keep the tooth rather than extract it.

When is it needed?

  • Pulp affected by deep decay
  • Long-lasting pain to heat or cold, or pain at night
  • Abscess, swelling or gum discharge near the tooth

The stages

  • Examination and X-ray
  • Local anaesthesia, with the aim that no pain is felt during the procedure
  • Cleaning, shaping and filling of the canals
  • Usually followed by a filling or crown to strengthen the tooth

Afterwards

Mild sensitivity can occur in the first days; follow the painkillers and care instructions your dentist gives. A tooth that has had root canal treatment often needs a crown for protection.

Contact your dentist if pain increases or swelling develops.

This article is general information; diagnosis and treatment decisions are always made after a physician's examination.

This article is general information, not a diagnosis or treatment recommendation. Consult a physician for a personal assessment.

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